
How to Care for Your Olive Trees in Winter
Whether you own a large estate planted with olive groves or just a single specimen in your garden, protecting these trees from the unpredictable UK winter is key to ensuring their longevity. While olive trees are naturally adapted to the warm Mediterranean climate, they can still thrive in cooler regions—provided they receive the right care.
In this guide, we’ll break down exactly how to protect your olive trees through winter, covering everything from frost protection and drainage to pruning and overwintering potted trees.
Understanding Olive Tree Hardiness in the UK
Despite their Mediterranean origins, olive trees are surprisingly hardy. Once established, they can withstand temperatures as low as -10°C, but young or container-grown trees are more vulnerable, especially during sudden frosts. The biggest threats to olive trees in winter are waterlogging, freezing winds, and prolonged exposure to extreme cold.
The key to winter care is prevention—ensuring your trees are well-prepared before the first frost arrives.
How to Protect Olive Trees in the Ground
For those with olive trees planted directly in the landscape, the goal is to insulate the roots, protect the foliage from frost, and minimize wind damage.
1. Insulating the Roots with Mulch
One of the most effective ways to protect olive trees is to apply a thick layer of mulch around the base of the tree before temperatures drop. Mulching helps retain soil warmth, improve drainage, and reduce frost penetration.
- Use organic mulch such as bark chips, straw, or compost.
- Apply at least 5–10 cm of mulch around the base, keeping it away from the trunk to prevent rot.
2. Shielding the Tree from Frost
For trees in colder regions, a horticultural fleece or breathable fabric cover can provide additional protection against frost.
- Wrap the tree loosely with fleece on nights when frost is expected, removing it during the day to allow air circulation.
- Avoid using plastic, which can trap moisture and lead to fungal issues.
3. Creating a Wind Barrier
Strong winter winds can dry out and damage olive trees, especially younger ones. To reduce exposure:
- Plant trees near south-facing walls to provide natural warmth.
- Use windbreaks like fences, hedges, or mesh screens to diffuse harsh winds.
Caring for Potted Olive Trees in Winter
Potted olive trees are more vulnerable to cold stress because their roots are more exposed to temperature fluctuations. Here’s how to keep them safe:
1. Move Them to a Sheltered Spot
- If possible, bring pots indoors to a greenhouse, conservatory, or unheated porch where temperatures stay above freezing.
- If indoors is not an option, place pots in a sheltered outdoor area, such as against a south-facing wall.
2. Insulate the Roots
- Wrap pots with hessian, fleece, or bubble wrap to insulate against extreme cold.
- Raise pots onto feet or bricks to improve drainage and prevent waterlogging.
3. Ensure Proper Drainage
- Water only when the soil feels dry to the touch—olive trees need far less water in winter.
- Check that pots have adequate drainage holes to prevent root rot.
Watering and Feeding: Do’s and Don’ts in Winter
Watering
Overwatering is one of the biggest risks for olive trees in winter. As growth slows down, they need significantly less water than in summer.
- For potted trees, water only when the top 2 inches of soil are dry.
- For ground-planted trees, rely on natural rainfall, unless there is a prolonged dry spell.
Feeding
Avoid fertilizing olive trees in winter, as they enter a natural dormancy period. Feeding should resume in early spring, using a balanced, slow-release fertilizer to encourage new growth.
Pruning: When and How to Trim Olive Trees
Winter is not the time for heavy pruning. Cutting back branches during cold months can stress the tree and make it more vulnerable to frost damage. Instead, follow these seasonal guidelines:
- Late spring (March–April): The ideal time for pruning to shape the tree and remove dead wood.
- Winter (November–February): Only remove damaged, diseased, or dead branches to maintain tree health.
Common Winter Problems & How to Prevent Them
1. Waterlogging & Root Rot
Excess water around the roots can suffocate them, leading to fungal infections and poor growth. To prevent this:
- Ensure your tree is planted in free-draining soil (mix sand or grit into clay-heavy soil).
- Avoid saucers under pots that trap excess water.
- Raise containers off the ground for better drainage.
2. Frost Damage to Leaves
If olive tree leaves turn brown or drop after frost exposure, don’t panic—this is a natural survival response.
- Wait until spring before pruning damaged branches, as new shoots may still emerge.
- Apply a seaweed-based foliar feed in early spring to help recovery.
Bringing Your Olive Trees Safely into Spring
By following these simple but effective winter care steps, you ensure that your olive trees not only survive the cold but also emerge strong and ready for new growth in spring.
At Ancient Olives, we specialize in premium, hand-selected olive trees, perfect for UK landscapes and gardens. Whether you need guidance on choosing the right tree or advice on long-term care, we’re here to help.